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	<title>public debt Archives - IREF Europe</title>
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	<description>Independent research and policy analysis on fiscal, monetary, and regulatory issues in Europe</description>
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	<title>public debt Archives - IREF Europe</title>
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	<item>
		<title>Government over-indebtedness and evasive, unconvincing responses to it</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/government-over-indebtedness-and-evasive-unconvincing-responses-to-it/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=government-over-indebtedness-and-evasive-unconvincing-responses-to-it</link>
					<comments>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/government-over-indebtedness-and-evasive-unconvincing-responses-to-it/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Bob Lyddon]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 21 May 2025 05:47:14 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Online Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Debt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic growth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[GDP]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public debt]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35892</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Introduction The scale and servicing cost of government debt are both rising. This will increase the amount of money that governments will have to suck out of economies over the&#8230;</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/government-over-indebtedness-and-evasive-unconvincing-responses-to-it/">Government over-indebtedness and evasive, unconvincing responses to it</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Europe’s Competitive Future, Continued Paralysis or Capital Markets Union and Greater Integration?</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/iref-newsletter/article/europes-competitive-future-continued-paralysis-or-capital-markets-union-and-greater-integration/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=europes-competitive-future-continued-paralysis-or-capital-markets-union-and-greater-integration</link>
					<comments>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/iref-newsletter/article/europes-competitive-future-continued-paralysis-or-capital-markets-union-and-greater-integration/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Claudia Zeller]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 01 Oct 2024 03:17:38 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[IREF Newsletter]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Competition]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ECB]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic growth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Financial and Banking Newsletter]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[market]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public debt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public spending]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35634</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>In mid-September former ECB President Mario Draghi published a 400-page report recommending changes necessary to boost the EU’s competitiveness.  Although couched in broadly positive language, the document did little to&#8230;</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/iref-newsletter/article/europes-competitive-future-continued-paralysis-or-capital-markets-union-and-greater-integration/">Europe’s Competitive Future, Continued Paralysis or Capital Markets Union and Greater Integration?</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>A new world</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/a-new-world/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=a-new-world</link>
					<comments>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/a-new-world/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[IREF]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 09 Aug 2011 17:51:24 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Online Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Companies & Regulation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Credit Rating]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Deficits]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public debt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public spending]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/a-new-world/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>The world is probably going to change after the recent downgrading by Standard&#38;Poor’s of the US debt rating from triple A to AA+. Beyond the disturbing loss of the landmark Treasuries represented for global finance, what is important here is the awareness that even the biggest world economy is not allowed anymore to do just anything with public spending. The message is clear. The current crisis is actually giving the opportunity to put the political genie back in the bottle. It is now time to grasp this chance, but will political decision makers have the will to do it?</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/a-new-world/">A new world</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>190 714 500 000 €</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/key-figures/article/190-714-500-000-eur/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=190-714-500-000-eur</link>
					<comments>https://en.irefeurope.org/key-figures/article/190-714-500-000-eur/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[IREF]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 09 Nov 2010 11:34:53 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Key Figures]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public debt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public spending]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/other-publications/key-figures/190-714-500-000-eur/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>This is the amount of increase of the French public debt from 2008 to 2009. It represents 10 GDP points. While making a lot of noise about the 22 billion&#8230;</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/key-figures/article/190-714-500-000-eur/">190 714 500 000 €</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>UK TaxPayers’ Alliance launches national ‘Debt Clock’ tour</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/news/article/uk-taxpayers-alliance-launches-national-debt-clock-tour/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=uk-taxpayers-alliance-launches-national-debt-clock-tour</link>
					<comments>https://en.irefeurope.org/news/article/uk-taxpayers-alliance-launches-national-debt-clock-tour/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[IREF]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 Apr 2010 10:15:11 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public debt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public spending]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/other-publications/news/uk-taxpayers-alliance-launches-national-debt-clock-tour/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>The Debt Clock will tour around the whole country, stopping off at national landmarks and key cities to raise awareness of the national debt amongst the taxpayers who will have&#8230;</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/news/article/uk-taxpayers-alliance-launches-national-debt-clock-tour/">UK TaxPayers’ Alliance launches national ‘Debt Clock’ tour</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Greece fears bankruptcy</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/news/article/greece-fears-bankruptcy/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=greece-fears-bankruptcy</link>
					<comments>https://en.irefeurope.org/news/article/greece-fears-bankruptcy/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[IREF]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 11 Dec 2009 08:36:11 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Companies & Regulation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Credit Rating]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[European Comparisons]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Greece]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public debt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public deficits]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public spending]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/other-publications/news/greece-fears-bankruptcy/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>The Fitch rating agency on Tuesday downgraded Greece's long-term debt ratings as well as those on four of the country's largest banks, describing prospects for Greek public finances as negative. Greece is now exposed to the risk of losing the small amount of credibility it still has in front of its creditors. The concerns are growing about its ability to pay its huge public debt, estimated to 110% of GDP and budget deficit above 12.7% of GDP. A look at the evolution of the external debt of Greece is illustrating the concern of credit rating agencies and international financial markets:</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/news/article/greece-fears-bankruptcy/">Greece fears bankruptcy</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Public Debt, Public Spending &#038; Economic Growth</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/working-paper-series/article/public-debt-public-spending-economic-growth/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=public-debt-public-spending-economic-growth</link>
					<comments>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/working-paper-series/article/public-debt-public-spending-economic-growth/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[IREF]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Nov 2009 18:27:23 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Working Paper Series]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Companies & Regulation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[economic growth]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[public debt]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Public spending]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/working-paper-series/public-debt-public-spending-economic-growth/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p><strong> Public Spending and Growth by Patrick Minford and Jiang Wang </strong></p>
<p><strong> L’endettement de l’Etat: stratégie de croissance ou myopie insouciante ? - Pierre Garello, Vesselina Spassova (french and english versions available)</p>
<p></strong></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/working-paper-series/article/public-debt-public-spending-economic-growth/">Public Debt, Public Spending &#038; Economic Growth</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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