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The European Stability Mechanism (ESM) is an intergovernmental organization founded in 2012 by the euro area member states. Its primary objective consists in ensuring long-term financial stability in the euro…

On Oct 30, 2023, President Biden signed the Executive Order on AI, requiring AI developers and cloud providers to share safety tests and other crucial information with the government. It…

Introduction On January 29th 2024 international creditors gained a winding-up order against China Evergrande Group (‘Evergrande’) in the Hong Kong courts.1 This is a test case for the rights and…

Surface and satellites measurements agree: 2023 has been the warmest year on record at 1.43°C above the preindustrial level and around 1°C since 1970. The effects of El Niño, a…

The European Union has long been a pioneer in tech regulation. In 2020, the EU unveiled its data strategy, designed to unleash the potential of vast amounts of big data and…

The so-called BRICS have become a formidable collective force with a shared ambition to reshape the prevailing global order and bring about a multipolar world where power is distributed more…

In the aftermath of the Cold War, a global village was emerging, driven by a belief in market power and the surge of globalization in the 1990s. Governments relaxed travel,…

Cars and trucks are polluting, dangerous, generate congestion and consume a lot of energy. Trains are clean, safe and energy efficient. A single convoy can replace up to 500 cars…

Introduction The UK government has cancelled its guarantees to a private lender – Greensill Capital – under the UK’s coronavirus support, without the obligation that was guaranteed having been discharged.…

In the past, Europe held a prominent position in the semiconductor industry, accounting for 44% of the global chip market share. However, soon after the turn of this century, manufacturers…