On December 13, 2022, delegates from forty-nine African countries and the African Union traveled to the United States to attend the US-Africa Leaders Summit. Burkina Faso, Mali, Guinea, and Sudan were unwelcome because the African Union suspended them over unconstitutional …
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WP 2023-02. Executive Summary We argue to look at the polity with the very same vista with which modern economics …
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This important topic will be discussed in a talk by the IREF scholar Patricia Commun. Register here for an insightful …
by IREF -
Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) has gone from hero-to-zero in 48 hours. From established bankers to start-ups in the tech, fintech, …
by Bob Lyddon -
Bulgaria Has Postponed its Entry into the Eurozone. What Does this Mean?
by John Butler and Gordon KerrIntroduction – Bulgaria’s recent announcement On 17 February, Bulgarian finance minister Rositza Velkova announced that, rather than continue as planned …
by John Butler and Gordon Kerr -
Last October, US Secretary of State Anthony Blinken declared: “We are at an inflection point. The post-Cold War world has come …
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Background Since December 2020, Azerbaijan exports natural gas to Europe via three interconnected pipelines – the South Caucasus (Baku-Tbilisi-Erzurum or …
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This time is not about the size, shape and texture of peas or plums. It’s about one of the main …