Sergio Beraldo, Author at IREF Europe https://en.irefeurope.org/author/sergio-beraldo/ Independent research and policy analysis on fiscal, monetary, and regulatory issues in Europe Sat, 18 Apr 2026 14:03:46 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.9.4 https://en.irefeurope.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2026/04/IREF-LinkedIn-Profile-DarkBlue-scaled.png Sergio Beraldo, Author at IREF Europe https://en.irefeurope.org/author/sergio-beraldo/ 32 32 From Libertarian Paternalism to AI-Powered Nudging: New Challenges for Freedom https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/working-paper-series/article/from-libertarian-paternalism-to-ai-powered-nudging-new-challenges-for-freedom/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=from-libertarian-paternalism-to-ai-powered-nudging-new-challenges-for-freedom https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/working-paper-series/article/from-libertarian-paternalism-to-ai-powered-nudging-new-challenges-for-freedom/#respond Sun, 18 May 2025 14:12:11 +0000 https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35877 WP 2025-05. Executive Summary The temptation to rely on findings from behavioral economics to condition human behavior has given rise to libertarian paternalism, an approach to public policy design that…

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]]> https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/working-paper-series/article/from-libertarian-paternalism-to-ai-powered-nudging-new-challenges-for-freedom/feed/ 0 Tax dilemmas in Italy https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/tax-dilemmas-in-italy/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=tax-dilemmas-in-italy https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/tax-dilemmas-in-italy/#respond Wed, 04 Sep 2024 03:45:26 +0000 https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35590 In Italy, the spotlight on tax evasion, and therefore on the need to fight it, turns on whenever the government needs additional resources to finance expenses. To avoid upsetting voters,…

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]]> https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/tax-dilemmas-in-italy/feed/ 0 The Italian Economy and its inefficient public administration https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/the-italian-economy-and-its-inefficient-public-administration/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-italian-economy-and-its-inefficient-public-administration https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/the-italian-economy-and-its-inefficient-public-administration/#respond Wed, 22 May 2024 03:06:17 +0000 https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35484 A few days ago, the Italian leading business newspaper, Il Sole 24 Ore, published an article on economic growth in Europe. The article offered several interesting insights. Notably, it emphasized…

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]]> https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/the-italian-economy-and-its-inefficient-public-administration/feed/ 0 New Paternalism https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/new-paternalism/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=new-paternalism https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/new-paternalism/#respond Wed, 24 Apr 2024 03:42:16 +0000 https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35457 Paternalism is characterized by one’s inclination to override another person’s preferences. This requires that some have a superior understanding of what is in the best interest of the others. Of…

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]]> https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/new-paternalism/feed/ 0 Stability or Sovereignty? Italy’s Challenging Relationship with the European Stability Mechanism https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/stability-or-sovereignty-italys-challenging-relationship-with-the-european-stability-mechanism/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=stability-or-sovereignty-italys-challenging-relationship-with-the-european-stability-mechanism https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/stability-or-sovereignty-italys-challenging-relationship-with-the-european-stability-mechanism/#respond Wed, 21 Feb 2024 06:05:56 +0000 https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35371 The European Stability Mechanism (ESM) is an intergovernmental organization founded in 2012 by the euro area member states. Its primary objective consists in ensuring long-term financial stability in the euro…

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]]> https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/stability-or-sovereignty-italys-challenging-relationship-with-the-european-stability-mechanism/feed/ 0 The BRICS and the Challenge of Challenging the Global Order https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/the-brics-and-the-challenge-of-challenging-the-global-order/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-brics-and-the-challenge-of-challenging-the-global-order https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/the-brics-and-the-challenge-of-challenging-the-global-order/#comments Wed, 20 Dec 2023 04:46:41 +0000 https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35320 The so-called BRICS have become a formidable collective force with a shared ambition to reshape the prevailing global order and bring about a multipolar world where power is distributed more…

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]]> https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/the-brics-and-the-challenge-of-challenging-the-global-order/feed/ 1 Addressing migration challenges with an entry fee https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/addressing-migration-challenges-with-an-entry-fee/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=addressing-migration-challenges-with-an-entry-fee https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/addressing-migration-challenges-with-an-entry-fee/#respond Wed, 08 Nov 2023 04:47:53 +0000 https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35275 Free movement of people, i.e., the ability of individuals to move freely and without bureaucratic restrictions to the country where they want to live and work, could have a highly…

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]]> https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/addressing-migration-challenges-with-an-entry-fee/feed/ 0 Bubbles https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/bubbles/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=bubbles https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/bubbles/#respond Wed, 11 Oct 2023 03:42:08 +0000 https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35233 Speculative bubbles are not the product of irrational behaviour, as many tend to believe. When the price increase of given sets of goods or assets (bitcoins, tulip bulbs, houses, stocks)…

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]]> https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/bubbles/feed/ 0 The Fragile Global Economic Performance https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/the-fragile-global-economic-performance/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-fragile-global-economic-performance https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/the-fragile-global-economic-performance/#respond Wed, 06 Sep 2023 06:59:38 +0000 https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35190 Although the global economic performance shows signs of improvement, growth remains fragile. Certainly, lower energy costs contribute to slowing down the rise in prices and this is good news for…

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]]> https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/the-fragile-global-economic-performance/feed/ 0 Newspeak, or about the governments’ attempts to control the language https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/newspeak-or-about-the-governments-attempts-to-control-the-language/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=newspeak-or-about-the-governments-attempts-to-control-the-language https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/newspeak-or-about-the-governments-attempts-to-control-the-language/#respond Wed, 21 Jun 2023 07:10:06 +0000 https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35137 Is Newspeak just a piece of the dystopia imagined by Orwell, or is it a realistic representation of a typical ambition of political power, connected with the will to influence…

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