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IREF Newsletter
Debanking Consumers for Holding the ‘Wrong Values’ is now Widespread in the UK. Will this Spread to Europe?
At a dinner early in July the CEO of NatWest bank group (formerly known as RBS) Dame Allison Rose told a senior BBC journalist that …
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Working Paper Series
Effectiveness of car scrappage schemes: lessons from Slovakia and other European countries
WP 2023-05. Executive Summary This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of car scrappage schemes implemented in the European Union (EU) during the economic crisis …
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Although the global economic performance shows signs of improvement, growth remains fragile. Certainly, lower energy costs contribute to slowing down the rise in prices and …
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WP 2023-04. Executive Summary Among libertarians, it has been conventional to define the minimal state as a state that enforces contracts and employs coercion to …
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IREF Newsletter
How are Central Banks Likely to Appraise the Future Viability of Neobanks?
by John Butler and Gordon KerrQuestionable business models in Fintech have been exposed, as predicted, in response to rising interest rates. In Europe, the UK and US, rates have risen …
by John Butler and Gordon Kerr -
Online Articles
The European Stability Mechanism hangs by a thread – on France’s credit rating
by Bob LyddonIntroduction The European Stability Mechanism (ESM) backstops the euro. Its nominal size is €705 billion but its lending capacity is lower at €500 billion, and …
by Bob Lyddon -
La Niña has gone, and El Niño is back. They are natural phenomena originating in the Pacific Ocean and affect the weather all around the …