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	<title>Bailout Archives - IREF Europe</title>
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	<description>Independent research and policy analysis on fiscal, monetary, and regulatory issues in Europe</description>
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	<title>Bailout Archives - IREF Europe</title>
	<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/tag/bailout/</link>
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		<title>UK plans to melt the protections against the taxpayer bailing out banks again</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/uk-plans-to-melt-the-protections-against-the-taxpayer-bailing-out-banks-again/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=uk-plans-to-melt-the-protections-against-the-taxpayer-bailing-out-banks-again</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Bob Lyddon]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 30 Jul 2025 03:24:04 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Online Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bailout]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Banking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[regulation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UK]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35985</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Introduction On 15th July, the UK Chancellor of the Exchequer, Rachel Reeves, delivered a keynote annual address to the City of London (known as the Mansion House speech) in which&#8230;</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/uk-plans-to-melt-the-protections-against-the-taxpayer-bailing-out-banks-again/">UK plans to melt the protections against the taxpayer bailing out banks again</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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		<title>Taxpayer bailouts of central banks and after the Global Financial Crisis</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/taxpayer-bailouts-of-central-banks-and-after-the-global-financial-crisis/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=taxpayer-bailouts-of-central-banks-and-after-the-global-financial-crisis</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Bob Lyddon]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Jun 2024 03:41:13 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Online Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bailout]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Central Bank]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35505</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Introduction Governments made major interventions to shore up the financial system during the Global Financial Crisis, which lasted from 2007 until the end of the Eurozone crisis in 2012. These&#8230;</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/taxpayer-bailouts-of-central-banks-and-after-the-global-financial-crisis/">Taxpayer bailouts of central banks and after the Global Financial Crisis</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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		<title>Bank of England makes the case for taxpayer bailouts of central banks: it’s mandatory</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/bank-of-england-makes-the-case-for-taxpayer-bailouts-of-central-banks-its-mandatory/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=bank-of-england-makes-the-case-for-taxpayer-bailouts-of-central-banks-its-mandatory</link>
					<comments>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/bank-of-england-makes-the-case-for-taxpayer-bailouts-of-central-banks-its-mandatory/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Bob Lyddon]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Apr 2024 04:07:26 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Online Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bailout]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Central Bank]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tax policy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UK]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35447</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Introduction The Bank of England has taken the lead amongst the world’s central banks in issuing a working paper about how central banks can replenish their capital, now that they&#8230;</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/bank-of-england-makes-the-case-for-taxpayer-bailouts-of-central-banks-its-mandatory/">Bank of England makes the case for taxpayer bailouts of central banks: it’s mandatory</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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		<title>Banks Bailouts are back: Why we should let troubled banks fail</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/banks-bailouts-are-back-why-we-should-let-troubled-banks-fail/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=banks-bailouts-are-back-why-we-should-let-troubled-banks-fail</link>
					<comments>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/banks-bailouts-are-back-why-we-should-let-troubled-banks-fail/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Mohamed Moutii]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 14 Jun 2023 06:03:14 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Online Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bailout]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Banking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=35125</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Since the beginning of March, US regulators have closed and sold three banks: Silicon Valley Bank, Signature Bank and First Republic. The failures are the biggest to hit the US&#8230;</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/banks-bailouts-are-back-why-we-should-let-troubled-banks-fail/">Banks Bailouts are back: Why we should let troubled banks fail</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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		<title>‘Liability Driven Investment’ explained: the first bailout of the new Global Financial Crisis</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/liability-driven-investment-explained-the-first-bailout-of-the-new-global-financial-crisis/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=liability-driven-investment-explained-the-first-bailout-of-the-new-global-financial-crisis</link>
					<comments>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/liability-driven-investment-explained-the-first-bailout-of-the-new-global-financial-crisis/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Bob Lyddon]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 21 Oct 2022 05:28:09 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Online Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bailout]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Banking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UK]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/?p=34702</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>‘Liability Driven Investment’ or ‘LDI’ is both a nonsense and a truism, and is now a byword for a disaster in the UK financial system. Here is what happened. As&#8230;</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/liability-driven-investment-explained-the-first-bailout-of-the-new-global-financial-crisis/">‘Liability Driven Investment’ explained: the first bailout of the new Global Financial Crisis</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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		<title>November&#8217;14 Newsletter: The 2014 Agenda</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/iref-newsletter/article/november-14-newsletter-the-2014-agenda/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=november-14-newsletter-the-2014-agenda</link>
					<comments>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/iref-newsletter/article/november-14-newsletter-the-2014-agenda/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Gordon Kerr]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 20 Nov 2013 00:51:07 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[IREF Newsletter]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bail In]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bailout]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Banking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Banking Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/iref-newsletter/november-14-newsletter-the-2014-agenda/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>More taxation, more banking supervision, more bail-in than bail-out, more banking malpractice... This month newsletter summarizes the trends that are leading the banking world. </p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/iref-newsletter/article/november-14-newsletter-the-2014-agenda/">November&#8217;14 Newsletter: The 2014 Agenda</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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		<title>A Greek Tragedy, Act III</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/a-greek-tragedy-act-iii/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=a-greek-tragedy-act-iii</link>
					<comments>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/a-greek-tragedy-act-iii/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Sylvain C]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 05 Sep 2013 14:04:10 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Online Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bailout]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Greece]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/a-greek-tragedy-act-iii/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>While Ireland may exit its bailout program at the end of this year, Greece is far from getting out of it. Around 10 to 11 billion euros ($13.1-14.4 billion) from the second half of 2014 will be needed to keep it going next year and in 2015. This will be the Third Act of the economic tragedy unfolding in Greece. Jeroen Dijsselbloem, Dutch Finance Minister, confirmed to the European Parliament that "as far as the potential need for a third program for Greece is concerned, it's clear that despite recent progress, Greece's troubles will not have been completely resolved by 2014".</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/a-greek-tragedy-act-iii/">A Greek Tragedy, Act III</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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		<title>Bailing Out Greece For The Third Time: Useless and Illegimate?</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/bailing-out-greece-for-the-third-time-useless-and-illegimate/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=bailing-out-greece-for-the-third-time-useless-and-illegimate</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Sylvain C]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 22 Aug 2013 10:09:56 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Online Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bailout]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ECB]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Greece]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[IMF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Merkel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Schäuble]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[troïka]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/bailing-out-greece-for-the-third-time-useless-and-illegimate/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>"There will have to be another program in Greece," German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schäuble said bluntly on August 20th. The two previous bail-outs amounted to about 240 billion euros but that was not enough. According to the International Monetary Fund, one the Troika member, the estimated uncovered funding needed by Greece for 2014-2015 may amount to 10.9 billion euros.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/bailing-out-greece-for-the-third-time-useless-and-illegimate/">Bailing Out Greece For The Third Time: Useless and Illegimate?</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
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		<title>July&#8217;13 Newsletter: Asset Bubbles Become Policy Bubbles</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/iref-newsletter/article/july-13-newsletter-asset-bubbles-become-policy-bubbles/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=july-13-newsletter-asset-bubbles-become-policy-bubbles</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Gordon Kerr]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 15 Jul 2013 08:26:18 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[IREF Newsletter]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bailout]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Banking]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[monetary policy]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/iref-newsletter/july-13-newsletter-asset-bubbles-become-policy-bubbles/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Leaders, institutions and markets are all looking for guidance to get out of the present crisis. Government confidence is at stake, institutions' credibility is jeopardized and banking is close to fraud and collusion.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/iref-newsletter/article/july-13-newsletter-asset-bubbles-become-policy-bubbles/">July&#8217;13 Newsletter: Asset Bubbles Become Policy Bubbles</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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		<title>Who Pays If Banks Fail</title>
		<link>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/who-pays-if-banks-fail/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=who-pays-if-banks-fail</link>
					<comments>https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/who-pays-if-banks-fail/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Sylvain C]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 25 Jun 2013 18:47:51 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Online Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bailout]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Banking Union]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crisis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[EU]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/who-pays-if-banks-fail/</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>European Union finance ministers failed to reach a deal last week on this controversial issue. Germany and France are at odds about costs distribution. The Banking Union is at stake since this law on rescuing and closing banks in the EU is a key point. The problem is to know who is going to decide what will happen to a failing bank and who will pay for it.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org/publications/online-articles/article/who-pays-if-banks-fail/">Who Pays If Banks Fail</a> appeared first on <a href="https://en.irefeurope.org">IREF Europe</a>.</p>
]]></description>
		
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